PBDB Collection

Songshan 3 (Locality 80008), Tianzhu, Gansu Province (Miocene of China)

Where: Gansu, China (37.0° N, 103.3° E: paleocoordinates 36.9° N, 102.0° E)

• coordinate stated in text

When: Turolian (8.7 - 5.3 Ma)

• Late Miocene, MN12-13, Baodean. At the time the paper was written it was regarded as Pliocene. Extremely thick exposures approx. 200m.

Environment/lithology:

• red clays, the majority of specimens are black.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: Some specimens were bought from a Songshan drugstore.

Primary reference: S. Zheng. 1982. Some Pliocene mammalian fossils from Songshan 2 and 3 (Tianzhu, Gansu) and the Songshan Fauna. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 20(3):216-227 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 42676: authorized by Alan Turner, entered by Hannah O'Regan on 04.08.2004

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• fauna indicates a relatively dry environment with dense forest to grasslands.

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	Paleotragus microdon, Paleotragus coelophrys Paleotragus microdon 1 maxilla with P4-M2, 1 upper M3. Paleotragus coelophrys
Mammalia
Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae	"Chilotherium (Acerorhinus) tianzhuense n. sp." = Shansirhinus ringstromi, Chilotherium (Chilotherium) habereri, Chilotherium (Chilotherium) anderssoni "Chilotherium (Acerorhinus) tianzhuense n. sp." = Shansirhinus ringstromi Kretzoi 1942 rhinoceros Chilotherium (Chilotherium) habereri rhinoceros Chilotherium (Chilotherium) anderssoni Ringström 1924 rhinoceros
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Hipparion "sp. 1", Hipparion "sp. 2" Hipparion "sp. 1" de Christol 1832 hipparionine horse all upper maxillae fragments, 1 P4-M3, 1 M2-M3, 1 P4-M1. Hipparion "sp. 2" de Christol 1832 hipparionine horse all upper teeth: 2 P3, 1 P4, 1 M1.
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Sinotragus sp., Antilope sp., Pachygazella cf. grangeri, Gazella sp., Gazella gaudryi Sinotragus sp. Bohlin 1935 antelope Antilope sp. Pallas 1766 antelope 1 basal section of horncore. Pachygazella cf. grangeri antelope 1 basal section of horncore. Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816 gazelle Gazella gaudryi Schlosser 1904 gazelle
Carnivora - Felidae	Machairodus sp., Metailurus major Machairodus sp. Kaup 1833 cat Metailurus major Zdansky 1924 cat
Carnivora - Hyaenidae	Adcrocuta eximia, Ictitherium hipparionum Adcrocuta eximia Roth and Wagner 1854 hyaena Adcrocuta eximia variabilis Ictitherium hipparionum hyaena Ictitherium hipparionum hyaenoides
Carnivora - Ursidae	Indarctos atticus Indarctos atticus Weithofer 1888 bear Indarctos atticus lagrelii. 1 upper M2, 3 lower teeth: M1, M2, M3. Possibly all 1 individual.
Rodentia - Siphneidae	Prosiphneus sinensis, Prosiphneus licenti Prosiphneus sinensis rodent 2 lower M1, 1 lower M2, 1 upper M1. Prosiphneus licenti Teilhard de Jardin 1926 rodent Prosiphneus licenti tianzhuensis.
Rodentia - Castoridae	Castoridae indet. Castoridae indet. Gray 1821 beaver 1 distal incisor fragment.
Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae	Ochotonoides lagrelii Ochotonoides lagrelii pika Ochotonoides lagrelii minor.