Gorny Luch farmstead (Oligocene of Russian Federation)

Where: Krasnodar Krai, Russian Federation (44.3° N, 39.8° E: paleocoordinates 44.6° N, 36.4° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• hand sample-level geographic resolution

When: NP 21 nannofossil zone, Lower Maikop Member (Pshekha Formation), Rupelian (33.9 - 28.1 Ma)

• "basal layers of the Lower Maikop deposits (Khadum, Pshekha Formation; Rupelian, nannoplankton zone NP 21)"

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: coastal; lithified, gray, calcareous claystone

• "formed relatively close to the shore in a warm sea basin with alternating anaerobic and aerobic conditions at the bottom. The absence of deep sea fishes at the site of the squid discovery indicates a relatively small thickness of habitable water column

•(probably the shelf)"

• "The lower part of the Pshekha Formation is composed of an alternation of dark grey weakly calcareous clays and light grey clays; the thickness of the interlayers varies from a few millimetres to several centimetres." "The squid was found in a dark grey laminated clay layer (which was formed under anoxic/hypoxic conditions)"

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: soft parts, replaced with pyrite, replaced with carbon

Collected by Vadim Kitain

• Borissiak Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (PIN RAN, Moscow) with collection number PIN 5817

Primary reference: A. A. Mironenko, M. S. Boiko, A. F. Bannikov, A. I. Arkhipkin, V. A. Bizikov and M. Košťák. 2021. First discovery of the soft-body imprint of an Oligocene fossil squid indicates its piscivorous diet. Lethaia 54(5):793-805 [P. Novack-Gottshall/P. Novack-Gottshall]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 226844: authorized by Phil Novack-Gottshall, entered by Phil Novack-Gottshall on 03.08.2022

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
Actinopteri
 Clupeiformes - Clupeoidei
Rupelia rata
Rupelia rata Daniltshenko 1959 herring
 Gadiformes - Phycidae
Protobrotula sobijevi
Protobrotula sobijevi Daniltshenko 1953
 Gadiformes - Merlucciidae
Palaeogadus sp.
Palaeogadus sp. Von Rath 1859
"Palaeogadus spp."
 Scombriformes - Trichiuridae
Anenchelum angustum
Anenchelum angustum Danil'chenko 1980
Preserved possibly in tentacles of Loligo
Echinoidea
 Spatangoida - Schizasteridae
Schizaster sp.
Schizaster sp. Agassiz 1835 heart urchin
"occasionally found"
Gastropoda
 Thecosomata - Limacinidae
Limacina sp.
Limacina sp. Bosc 1817 snail
 Thecosomata - Cavoliniidae
Vaginella sp.
Vaginella sp. Daudin 1800 snail
Cephalopoda
 Myopsida - Loliginidae
Loligo sp.
Loligo sp. Schneider 1784
unclassified
  -
Plantae indet.
Plantae indet. Haeckel 1866
"remains of terrestrial plants"