Arazatí (Pliocene to of Uruguay)

Where: San José, Uruguay (34.6° S, 57.0° W: paleocoordinates 34.6° S, 56.4° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: San José Member (Raigón Formation), Late/Upper Pliocene to Late/Upper Pliocene (3.6 - 0.8 Ma)

• The faunal content recovered from this unit includes: the Pliocene toxodontid Trigodon sp.; the middle Pliocene–early Pleistocene Platygonus Le Conte, 1848 (Cetartiodactyla: Tayas- suidae); Pleistocene mammals such as Catonyx tarijensis (Gervais and Ameghino, 1880) (Cetartiodactyla: Tayassuidae), Glyptodon Owen, 1839, and Plaxhaplous Ameghino, 1884 (Xenarthra: Glyptodontidae); and some endemic species such as Giganhinga kiyuensis Rinderknecht and Noriega, 2002 (Aves: Aninghidae), Pronothrotherium figueirasi Perea, 1988 (Folivora: Nothrotheriidae), and Josephoartigasia magna (Francis and Mones, 1966) (Rodentia: Dinomyidae). In consequence, this faunal content indicates an age for the Raigón Formation around the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary (Perea et al., 2013).

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; gray, green sandstone

• According to Bossi et al. (2009), this member is characterized by gray-greenish sandstones and conglomerates at the base, changing to fine clayish sandstones with carbonate septi intercalated with loess at the top.

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: The material studied here, FC-DPV-514, is stored at the Facultad de Ciencias, División Paleontología de Vertebrados, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.

Primary reference: B. S. Ferrero, G. I. Schmidt, M. I. Pérez-García, D. Perea, and A. M. Ribeiro. 2022. A new Toxodontidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from the upper Pliocene–lower Pleistocene of Uruguay. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 41(5):e2023167 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 225539: authorized by Philip Mannion, entered by Grace Varnham on 16.05.2022

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Ferrero et al. 2022: Originally, the studied specimen (FC-DPV-514) was thought to come from the Camacho Formation (upper Miocene) in San José Department (southern Uruguay). However, Perea et al. (2013) reevaluated collecting data, taphonomic features, and sediment specifications obtained from cavities of the skull and concluded that it comes from the collapse of a block of the overlying San José Member of the Raigón Formation.
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Mammalia
 Notoungulata - Toxodontidae
Charruatoxodon uruguayensis n. gen. n. sp.
Charruatoxodon uruguayensis n. gen. n. sp. Ferrero et al. 2022 notoungulate
Holotype: FC- DPV-514. This specimen was previously determined as Dinotoxodon paranensis (d’Orbigny and Laurillard, 1842) (Perea et al., 1994; Perea, 2005) or Dinotoxodon (Pérez-García, 2004; Bond et al., 2006)