Also known as ETE Locality 1065, Lothagam 1C, Lothagam 1, Lothagam, Lothagam-Upper Nawata
Where: Kenya (2.9° N, 36.1° E: paleocoordinates 2.6° N, 35.5° E)
• coordinate stated in text
• local area-level geographic resolution
When: Upper Nawata and Apak Member (Nawata or Nachukui Formation), Messinian to Messinian (7.2 - 3.6 Ma)
• K-Ar dating constrains the Upper Nawata Member to 6.54 +/- 0.04 Ma (Marker Tuff) and 4.22 +/- 0.03 Ma (pumice clasts from 35 m above the top of the Upper Nawata Purple Marker). Thus, top of the Upper Nawata is older than 4.2 Ma, and is estimated to be 5.0 Ma.
• member-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: fluvial; poorly lithified, graded, sandy sandstone and poorly lithified, tuffaceous mudstone
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
Collection methods: bulk, surface (in situ), mechanical, sieve,
• Held at the Kenya National Museums, Nairobi (KNM-LT-). Surface collection.
Primary reference: M. G. Leakey and J. M. Harris. 2003. Lothagam: the dawn of humanity in eastern Africa. Lothagam: the dawn of humanity in eastern Africa 678 [A. Behrensmeyer/R. Bobe/R. Bobe]more details
Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis
PaleoDB collection 22242: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 30.06.1999, edited by Suzanne Cote and Philip Mannion
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
unclassified | |
Malacostraca | |
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Osteichthyes | |
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Mammalia | |
Elephantidae indet. Gray 1821 elephant
Stegotetrabelodon orbus Maglio 1970 elephant
Elephas nawataensis n. sp. Tassy 2003 elephant | |
Deinotherium bozasi Arambourg 1934 deinothere | |
Gomphotheriidae indet. Hay 1922 gomphothere
Anancus kenyensis MacInnes 1942 gomphothere | |
Orycteropus sp. Geoffroy 1791 aardvark | |
Eurygnathohippus feibeli n. sp. hipparionine horse
Eurygnathohippus turkanense Hooijer and Maglio 1974 hipparionine horse | |
Ceratotherium praecox white rhino
Brachypotherium lewisi rhinoceros
Diceros bicornis Linnaeus 1758 black rhinoceros | |
Hexaprotodon sp., "Hexaprotodon harvardi" = Archaeopotamus harvardi, "Hexaprotodon lothagamensis n. sp." = Archaeopotamus lothagamensis
Hexaprotodon sp. Falconer and Cautley 1836 pygmy hippo
"Hexaprotodon harvardi" = Archaeopotamus harvardi Coryndon 1977 hippopotamus
"Hexaprotodon lothagamensis n. sp." = Archaeopotamus lothagamensis Weston 2000 hippopotamus | |
Palaeotragus sp. Gaudry 1861 giraffe
Palaeotragus germaini Arambourg 1959 giraffe | |
Gazella sp., Tragelaphini indet., Tragelaphus kyaloae, Boselaphini indet., Bovini indet., Reduncini indet., Menelikia leakeyi, Kobus laticornis n. sp., Kobus presigmoidalis n. sp., Aepyceros premelampus n. sp., Hippotragini indet., Hippotragus sp., ? Praedamalis sp., Madoqua sp., Alcelaphini indet., Damalacra sp., Tragoportax sp., Tragoportax aff. cyrenaicus
Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816 gazelle
Tragelaphini indet. Blyth 1863 antelope
Tragelaphus kyaloae Harris 1991 antelope
Boselaphini indet. Knottnerus-Meyer 1997 antelope
Bovini indet. Gray 1821 antelope
Reduncini indet. Knottnerus-Meyer 1907 antelope
Menelikia leakeyi Harris 1991 antelope
Kobus laticornis n. sp. Harris 2003 antelope
Kobus presigmoidalis n. sp. Harris 2003 antelope
Aepyceros premelampus n. sp. Harris 2003 impala
Hippotragini indet. Sundevall 1845 antelope
Hippotragus sp. Sundevall 1845 antelope
? Praedamalis sp. Dietrich 1950 antelope
Madoqua sp. Ogilby 1837 dikdik
Alcelaphini indet. Brookes 1876 antelope
Tragoportax aff. cyrenaicus Thomas 1979 antelope | |
"Cainochoerus cf. africanus" = Pecarichoerus africanus
"Cainochoerus cf. africanus" = Pecarichoerus africanus Hendy 1976 peccary | |
"Nyanzachoerus cf. syrticus" = Sivachoerus syrticus, "Nyanzachoerus devauxi" = Propotamochoerus devauxi, Potamochoerus sp., Nyanzachoerus syrticus tulotus, Nyanzachoerus cf. australis
"Nyanzachoerus cf. syrticus" = Sivachoerus syrticus Leonardi 1954 pig
"Nyanzachoerus devauxi" = Propotamochoerus devauxi Arambourg 1968 pig
Potamochoerus sp. Gray 1854 pig
Nyanzachoerus syrticus tulotus Leakey 1958 pig | |
Lokotunjailurus emageritus n. gen. n. sp. Werdelin 2003 cat
Dinofelis sp. Zdansky 1924 cat
cf. Metailurus sp. Zdansky 1924 cat | |
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cf. Hyaenictis sp. Gaudry 1861 hyaena
Hyaenictitherium cf. parvum Khomenko 1914 hyaena | |
Erokomellivora lothagamensis n. gen. n. sp., Mellivorinae indet.
Erokomellivora lothagamensis n. gen. n. sp. mustelid carnivore
Mellivorinae indet. Gray 1865 ratel | |
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Saidomys sp. James and Slaughter 1974 mouse | |
Hominidae indet. Gray 1825 ape | |
Cercopithecidae indet., Parapapio lothagamensis n. sp., Colobinae indet., Colobinae indet., Colobinae indet.
Cercopithecidae indet. Gray 1821 monkey
Parapapio lothagamensis n. sp. Leakey et al. 2003 monkey | |
Reptilia | |
Turkanemys pattersoni n. gen. n. sp.
Turkanemys pattersoni n. gen. n. sp. Wood 2003 sideneck turtle | |
Trionychidae indet. Gray 1825 softshell turtle
Cycloderma debrionae softshell turtle
Cycloderma frenatum Peters 1854 softshell turtle | |
cf. Geochelone indet. Fitzinger 1835 turtle | |
Crocodylus sp. Laurenti 1768 crocodile
Crocodylus checchiai Maccagno 1947 crocodile
Euthecodon brumpti Joleaud 1920 crocodile | |
Aves | |
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird | |
Pelecanus sp. Linnaeus 1758 pelican | |
Ardeidae indet. Leach 1820 heron | |
Anhinga cf. rufa Daudin 1802 African darter | |
Anatidae indet. Vigors 1825 waterfowl | |
Rallidae indet. Vigors 1825 rail | |
cf. Struthio indet. Linnaeus 1758 ostrich | |
Actinopteri | |
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Siluriformes indet. catfish | |
Synodontis sp. Cuvier 1816 upside down catfish | |
Bagridae indet. Bleeker 1852 naked catfish
Bagrus aff. sp. Bosc 1816 naked catfish | |
Clarotes sp. Kner 1855 catfish | |
Lates niloticus Linnaeus 1758 Nile perch | |
Perciformes indet. Bleeker 1859 perch-like fish | |
Percoidei indet. Bleeker 1859 perch-like fish | |
Cladistia | |
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