PBDB Collection

Swartkrans - Member 5 (Pleistocene of South Africa)

Also known as ETE Locality 647, Swartkrans - Member 5,

Where: South Africa (26.0° S, 27.7° E: paleocoordinates 26.2° S, 27.6° E)

When: 15 Member (Swartkrans Formation), Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.0 Ma)

• ETE dating method: absolute, ETE age comment: dates from Antidorcas bondi bones radiometric intage_max, radiometric intage_min

Environment/lithology:

• ETE sed env 1: ., ETE sed env 2: . ETE event: ., ETE env comment: storm-water entering cave carr. sed. eroded f/hill

• ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: lightly calcified deposit that partially fills an erosional space surr. a massive stalagmite mass on NW side of cave

Collection methods: quarrying

• ETE Size: both; ETE reference list: 485, 484, 482, 481, 480, 479, 478, 477, 456, 454, 445, 121, ; ETE museum list: TM

Primary reference: C. K. Brain. 1993. Swartkrans: A Cave's Chronicle of Early Man. Transvaal Museum Monograph Transvaal Museum. Pretoria 8 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details

PaleoDB collection 21829: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 17.10.1995, edited by Richard Potts and John Damuth

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Amphibia
-	Amphibia indet. Amphibia indet. Linnaeus 1758 tetrapod ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: frog/toad
Mammalia
-	Mammalia indet., Mammalia indet., Mammalia indet. Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758 mammal ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Mammalia Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758 mammal ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Carnivora Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758 mammal ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Lagomorpha
Artiodactyla - Suidae	"cf. Tapinochoerus meadowsi" = Metridiochoerus, Phacochoerus sp. "cf. Tapinochoerus meadowsi" = Metridiochoerus pig Phacochoerus sp. Cuvier 1826 warthog
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., "Antidorcas bondi" = Gazella bondi, Damaliscus sp., Connochaetes sp., Beatragus sp., Megalotragus sp., Pelea sp., Hippotragus cf. niger, Antidorcas sp., "Antidorcas australis" = Antidorcas marsupialis australis, Redunca cf. arundinum, Raphicerus campestris, Taurotragus oryx, Syncerus sp. Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size I Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: alcelaphine Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size II Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size III Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size IV Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hippo./Reduncini Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae "Antidorcas bondi" = Gazella bondi Cooke and Wells 1951 gazelle Damaliscus sp. Sclater and Thomas 1894 antelope Connochaetes sp. Lichtenstein 1812 wildebeest Beatragus sp. Heller 1912 hirola ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or Alcelaphus Megalotragus sp. van Hoepen 1932 antelope Pelea sp. Gray 1851 antelope Hippotragus cf. niger Harris 1838 sable antelope Antidorcas sp. Sundevall 1847 springbok "Antidorcas australis" = Antidorcas marsupialis australis Hendey and Hendey 1968 springbok ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or marsupialis Redunca cf. arundinum Boddaert 1785 southern reedbuck Raphicerus campestris Thunberg 1811 steenbok Taurotragus oryx Pallas 1766 common eland Syncerus sp. Hodgson 1847 African buffalo
Perissodactyla - Equidae	"Equus burchelli" = Equus quagga burchelli, Equus capensis "Equus burchelli" = Equus quagga burchelli Gray 1824 Burchell's zebra Equus capensis Broom 1909 horse
Carnivora - Canidae	Canidae indet., Canidae indet., "Canis cf. mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas Canidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 canid ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Canidae-small Canidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 canid ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Canidae "Canis cf. mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas Schreber 1775 black-backed jackal
Carnivora - Felidae	Panthera pardus Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 leopard
Carnivora - Herpestidae	Suricata suricatta Suricata suricatta Schreber 1776 meerkat
Carnivora - Hyaenidae	Hyaenidae indet., Proteles cristatus Hyaenidae indet. Gray 1821 hyaena ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hyaenidae Proteles cristatus Sparrman 1783 aardwolf
Carnivora - Viverridae	Viverridae indet., Viverridae indet. Viverridae indet. Gray 1821 civet ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mongoose Viverridae indet. Gray 1821 civet ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Viverridae
Rodentia - Pedetidae	Pedetes sp. Pedetes sp. Illiger 1811 springhaas
Rodentia - Hystricidae	Hystrix africaeaustralis Hystrix africaeaustralis Peters 1852 Cape porcupine
Primates - Cercopithecidae	Cercopithecidae indet., Papio ursinus Cercopithecidae indet. Gray 1821 monkey ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Cercopithecidae Papio ursinus Kerr 1792 baboon
Primates - Hominidae	Homo sapiens Homo sapiens Linnaeus 1758 human
Hyracoidea - Procaviidae	Procavia capensis, Procavia transvaalensis Procavia capensis Pallas 1766 Cape hyrax Procavia transvaalensis Shaw 1937 Cape hyrax
Reptilia
-	Reptilia indet. Reptilia indet. Laurenti 1768 reptile ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Reptilia
Aves
-	Aves indet., Aves indet., Aves indet., Aves indet. Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size II Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size I Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size III Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size IV
Struthioniformes - Struthionidae	Struthio sp. Struthio sp. Linnaeus 1758 ostrich
Ciconiiformes - Plataleidae	Plataleidae indet. Plataleidae indet. Bonaparte 1838 spoonbill ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: ibis