Isle of Hope (Pleistocene of the United States)

Where: Chatham County, Georgia (32.0° N, 81.1° W: paleocoordinates 32.0° N, 81.1° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: oxygen isotope stage 5 zone, Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• specimens are from both the banks and bed of a modern channel, suggesting that more than one bed was collected

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: marginal marine; lithology not reported

• no details given
• none given

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: bulk, sieve,

Primary reference: R. C. Hulbert, Jr. and A. E. Pratt. 1998. Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) vertebrate faunas from coastal Georgia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18(2):412-429 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 20604: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.10.1995

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• preliminary and incomplete list given by Pratt and Hulbert 1995b

•NISP 177

Gastropoda
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
Epitonium rupicola Kurtz 1860 wentletrap
 Neogastropoda - Olividae
"Oliva sayana" = Oliva (Ispidula) sayana
"Oliva sayana" = Oliva (Ispidula) sayana Ravenel 1834 olive snail
 Neogastropoda - Melongenidae
Busycon carica Gmelin 1792 whelk
 Neogastropoda - Terebridae
"Terebra dislocata" = Strioterebrum dislocatum
"Terebra dislocata" = Strioterebrum dislocatum Say 1822 auger snail
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
Eupleura caudata Say 1822 murex snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
"Polinices duplicatus" = Neverita duplicatus
"Polinices duplicatus" = Neverita duplicatus Say 1822 moon snail
Bivalvia
 Arcida - Noetiidae
"Noetia ponderosa" = Eontia ponderosa
"Noetia ponderosa" = Eontia ponderosa Say 1822 clam
 Arcida - Arcidae
"Anadara brasiliana" = Anadara (Cunearca) brasiliana, "Anadara transversa" = Anadara (Larkinia) transversa, "Anadara ovalis" = Lunarca ovalis
"Anadara brasiliana" = Anadara (Cunearca) brasiliana Lamarck 1819 ark
"Anadara transversa" = Anadara (Larkinia) transversa Say 1822 ark
"Anadara ovalis" = Lunarca ovalis Bruguiere 1789 ark
 Pectinida - Anomiidae
Anomia simplex d'Orbigny 1845 jingle
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
"Divaricella quadrisulcata" = Divalinga quadrisulcata
"Divaricella quadrisulcata" = Divalinga quadrisulcata d'Orbigny 1846 clam
 Cardiida - Mactridae
Mulinia lateralis Say 1822 clam
 Cardiida - Donacidae
"Donax variabilis" = Serrula variabilis
"Donax variabilis" = Serrula variabilis Say 1822 clam
 Cardiida - Semelidae
Abra aequalis Say 1822 abra
 Carditida - Carditidae
 Nuculida - Nuculidae
"Nucula proxima" = Nucula (Nucula) proxima
"Nucula proxima" = Nucula (Nucula) proxima Say 1820 Atlantic Nut Clam
Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatidae indet. Bonaparte 1838 eagle ray
 Myliobatiformes - Aetobatidae
Aetobatus narinari Euphrasen 1790 stingray
 Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae
Dasyatidae indet. Jordan 1888 whiptail stingray
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Negaprion brevirostris Poey 1868 lemon shark
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816 requiem shark
Carcharhinus leucas Valenciennes 1839 requiem shark
Carcharhinus obscurus Le Sueur 1818 requiem shark
"or possibly Carcharhinus acronotus"
 Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae
Sphyrna tiburo hammerhead shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo cuvier Peron and LeSueur 1822 tiger shark
 Orectolobiformes - Ginglymostomatidae
Ginglymostoma cirratum Gmelin 1789 nurse shark
 Lamniformes - Carchariidae
Carcharias taurus Rafinesque 1810 sand shark
Amphibia
 Salientia - Bufonidae
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768 toad
 Salientia - Ranidae
 Salientia - Hylidae
Pseudacris ornata Holbrook 1836 ornate chorus frog
 Caudata - Urodela
Notophthalmus viridescens Rafinesque 1820 Eastern newt
"Ambystoma cf. maculatum" = Amblystoma maculatum Shaw 1802 Spotted salamander
Amphiuma sp.2 Garden 1821 amphiuma
Mammalia
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
Glaucomys volans Linnaeus 1758 southern flying squirrel
Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin 1788 eastern gray squirrel
 Rodentia - Castoridae
Castor canadensis Kuhl 1820 American beaver
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Sigmodon hispidus Say and Ord 1825 hispid cotton rat
Neotoma floridana Ord 1818 eastern woodrat
Neofiber alleni True 1884 round-tailed muskrat
Peromyscus cf. polionotus Wagner 1843 oldfield mouse
Oryzomys palustris Harlan 1837 marsh rice rat
Synaptomys australis Simpson 1928 mouse
Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord 1815 meadow vole
"Pitymys pinetorum" = Microtus pinetorum1 Le Conte 1830 woodland vole
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Sylvilagus palustris Bachman 1837 marsh rabbit
Sylvilagus floridanus Allen 1890 eastern cottontail
 Theriamorpha - Soricidae
Blarina brevicauda Say 1823 northern short-tailed shrew
Blarina carolinensis Bachman 1837 southern short-tailed shrew
 Theriamorpha - Talpidae
Scalopus aquaticus Linnaeus 1758 eastern mole
 Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
"Tapirus veroensis" = Tapirus (Helicotapirus) veroensis
"Tapirus veroensis" = Tapirus (Helicotapirus) veroensis Sellards 1918 tapir
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
Mylohyus fossilis Leidy 1860 peccary
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann 1780 white-tailed deer
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827 bison
 Carnivora - Felidae
Leopardus sp. Gray 1842 cat
Lynx rufus Schreber 1777 bobcat
 Carnivora - Procyonidae
Procyon lotor Linnaeus 1758 raccoon
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Lontra canadensis1 Schreber 1776 North American river otter
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursidae indet. Gray 1825 bear
 Cingulata - Dasypodidae
Dasypus bellus Simpson 1929 beautiful armadillo
plus 135 osteoderms
 Megatherioidea - Megatheriidae
Eremotherium laurillardi Lund 1842 edentate
(considering that four numbered specimens appear to represent one individual)
  - Mylodontidae
Paramylodon harlani Owen 1840 Harlan's ground sloth
 Proboscidea - Mammutidae
Mammut americanum Kerr 1792 American mastodon
 Didelphimorphia - Didelphidae
Didelphis virginiana Kerr 1792 Virginia opossum
Reptilia
 Testudines - Chelydridae
Chelydra serpentina Linnaeus 1758 Common snapping turtle
 Testudines - Kinosternidae
"Kinosternidae indet." = Kinosternoidea
"Kinosternidae indet." = Kinosternoidea Hay 1892 mud turtle
 Testudines - Kinosternoidea
Kinosternon sp. von Spix 1824 mud turtle
Sternotherus sp. Gray 1825 musk turtle
 Testudines - Emydidae
Terrapene carolina Linnaeus 1758 common box turtle
Pseudemys cf. concinna Le Conte 1830 eastern river cooter
Deirochelys reticularia Latreille 1801 Chicken turtle
 Testudines - Testudinidae
"Hesperotestudo incisa" = Hesperotestudo turgida Cope 1892 turtle
Gopherus polyphemus Daudin 1802 Florida gopher tortoise
 Serpentes -
 Squamata - Crotalidae
Crotalus sp. Linnaeus 1758 rattlesnake
 Squamata - Colubridae
Coluber constrictor Linnaeus 1758 black racer
Nerodia fasciata Linnaeus 1766 banded water snake
Regina sp. Baird and Girard 1853 crayfish snake
Thamnophis sirtalis Linnaeus garter snake
Heterodon sp. Latreille 1801 hog-nosed snake
 Crocodylia - Alligatoridae
Alligator mississippiensis Daudin 1801 American alligator
Aves
 Anseriformes - Anatidae
Anas sp. Linnaeus 1758 dabbling duck
"Anas rubripes or Anas platyrhinchos"
Actinopteri
 Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843 gar
 Aulopiformes - Synodontidae
Synodus sp. Scopoli 1777
 Batrachoidiformes - Batrachoididae
Opsanus sp. Rafinesque 1818 toadfish
 Acanthuriformes - Sciaenidae
Pogonias cromis Cope 1869 black drum
 Tetraodontiformes - Balistidae
Balistes sp. Linnaeus 1758
 Tetraodontiformes - Ostraciidae
Lactophrys sp. Swainson 1839
 Tetraodontiformes - Diodontidae
 Tetraodontiformes - Tetraodontidae
 Perciformes - Sparidae
Lagodon rhomboides Linnaeus 1766 perch-like fish
Archosargus probatocephalus Walbaum 1792 perch-like fish
 Perciformes -
Bairdiella cf. chrysoura perch-like fish
 Scombriformes - Trichiuridae
Trichiurus sp. Linnaeus 1758
 Mugiliformes - Mugilidae
Mugil sp. Linnaeus 1758
 Cyprinodontiformes - Fundulidae
Fundulus sp. Lacépède 1803
 Pleuronectiformes - Bothidae
 Siluriformes - Ariidae
Arius felis Ariid catfish
 Clupeiformes - Clupeoidei
Clupeidae indet. Cuvier 1817 herring
cf. Alosa sp. Linck 1790 herring
 Elopiformes - Elopidae
 Anguilliformes - Muraenidae
 Acanthopteri - Sphyraenidae
Sphyraena sp. Artedi 1793 barracuda
 Scorpaeniformes - Triglidae
Prionotus sp. Lacépède 1802 sea robin