Where: Changwat, Thailand (16.9° N, 104.5° E: paleocoordinates 15.7° N, 112.5° E)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Sao Khua Formation, Late/Upper Barremian (130.0 - 125.5 Ma)
• Non-marine bivalves suggest the Sao Khua Formation is late Barremian in age (Tumpeesawan et al. 2010; Samathi et al. 2019)
• bed-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: terrestrial; siltstone
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
• Large bones are very rare, fish and turtle remains are by far the most abundant vertebrates at Phu DinDaeng, but often represented by fragmentary and isolated elements or by loosely associated sets of plates or scales.
•The generally disarticulated nature of the material may indicate that carcasses were partially or totally decayed and disarticulated before burial. Most fossils consist of relatively small elements suggesting a possible winnowing.
•It does not appear that there are important concentrations of fossils, indicating that the bone bed is probably the result of a single flooding event occurring at some distance from the main water bodies somewhere in the flood plain.
Collected by Palaeontological Research and Education Centre (PRC), Mahasarakham University in 2012
Collection methods: surface (in situ), mechanical, sieve, ,
• The material was collected on the surface or by systematic excavations to extract apparently partially associated fish or turtle skeletons; and the sediments were screen-sieved.
•Material stored at Palaeontological Research and Education Centre (PRC), Mahasarakham University
Primary reference: H. Tong, E. Buffetaut, V. Suteethorn, S. Suteethorn, G. Cuny, L. Cavin, U. Deesri, J. E. Martin, K. Wongko, W. Naksri, and J. Claude. 2019. Phu Din Daeng, a new Early Cretaceous vertebrate locality on the Khorat Plateau, NE Thailand. Annales de Paléontologie 105(3):223-237 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/P. Mannion]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 201767: authorized by Evangelos Vlachos, entered by Evangelos Vlachos on 28.05.2019
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
| Chondrichthyes | |
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Heteroptychodus steinmanni Yabe and Obata 1930 elasmobranch Three teeth with the root preserved (PRC34-PRC36)and three fragments of tooth crown
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| Osteichthyes | |
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cf. Siamamia sp. Cavin et al. 2007 ray-finned fish PRC92, dermopterotic; PRC93, basioccipital; PRC90,fragment of a left maxilla; PRC91, posterior extremity of a maxilla;PRC89, right premaxilla; PRC87, left dentary; PRC88, fragment of aright dentary with a coronoid; PRC85, anterior vertebral centrum; PRC86, posterior vertebral centrum.
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| Actinopteri | |
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? Vidalamiinae indet. Grande and Bemis 1998 bowfin PRC94, right dentary; PRC95, anterior extremity of aright dentary; PRC96, piece of a semi-articulated specimen withunidentified bones, toothed scales and vertebral centra in con-nection; PRC97, piece of a semi-articulated specimen with scalesand fin rays; PRC98, accumulation of scales in articulation; PRC99,accumulation of bones, scales and fragments of fin rays.
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| Reptilia | |
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Pterosauria indet. pterosaur A few long, slender and more or less tubular teeth (PRC146,Fig. 10C) apparently belong to pterosaurs, although their enamelis too poorly preserved to clearly show the distinguishing featuresof pterosaur teeth.
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Theropoda indet. theropod Apart from a large caudal vertebra lacking the neural spine,which may belong to a theropod, this group of dinosaurs is mainlyrepresented by isolated teeth
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Spinosauridae indet. Stromer 1915 tetanuran theropod Spinosaurid teeth are relatively common at Phu Din Daeng,but mostly poorly preserved
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Neosuchia indet. Clark 1988 crocodilian Crocodilians are poorly represented at Phu Din Daeng and con-sist of a single mandibular element as well as isolated tooth crowns,the latter being the most abundant type of material recovered
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Adocidae indet. Cope 1869 turtle PRC77 (Fig. 7U–V), a costal; PRC82(Fig. 7W–X), a pygal and PRC78 (Fig. 7Y–Z), a peripheral 11.
Protoshachemys sp. Tong et al. 2019 turtle PRC68 and PRC69 (Fig. 7M–N), nuchals;PRC70 (Fig. 7O–P) and PRC71, left peripheral 1, PRC72, rightperipheral 1; PRC73 (Fig. 7Q–R) and PRC74, pygals; PRC75, left epiplastron, PRC76 (Fig. 7S–T), right epiplastron and other shellelements.
Protoshachemys rubra n. gen. n. sp. Tong et al. 2019 turtle Holotype: PRC81 (Fig. 7A–D), a nearly complete but disarticulated shell, including complete nuchal, one neural, suprapygal 1 (incomplete), suprapygal 2, pygal (lacking posterior portion), right costal 1, left costal 2, the distal portion of the left costal 3, right costal 4 (lacking proximal end), left costal 5 and distal end of the right costal 5, left costal 6 (lacking the proximal end), left and right costal 7 (the right one lacking the proximal end), right costal 8, left peripherals 1–2, 4–6 and 8–11, right peripherals 8 and 10–11; nearly complete left epiplastron and right hyoplastron, and incomplete right hypoplastron. All these elements were unearthed within one square metre and in all likelihood belong to the same individual. Referred material: PRC54, nuchal (Fig. 7E–F); PRC55, PRC56, PRC57, suprapygal 2; PRC58, pygal (Fig. 7K–L); PRC59, left costal 6 (Fig. 7I–J); PRC60, right costal 3 (Fig. 7G–H); PRC61, right peripheral 1; PRC62, left and right peripheral 2 of same individual; PRC67, right epiplastron;
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