APAC Shell Pit ( of the United States)

Also known as MacAsphalt Shell Pit; Newburn Pit; Warren Brothers Pit

Where: Sarasota County, Florida (27.4° N, 82.5° W: paleocoordinates 27.4° N, 81.8° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Pinecrest Beds Member (Tamiami Formation), Blancan (4.9 - 1.8 Ma)

• most material is from a single 10 - 60 cm thick layer

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: estuary or bay; shelly/skeletal, black, gray sandstone

• "quiet, shallow-water, estuarine assemblage... a river in the near vicinity"
• "dark brown to blackish sandy organic layer" (Morgan and Ridgway 1987) or "abundant Rangia sp. valves interspersed with a matrix of black-to-dark gray sand" (Hulbert 1988)

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: G. S. Morgan and R. B. Ridgway. 1987. Late Pliocene (late Blancan) vertebrates from the St. Petersburg Times site, Pinellas County, Florida, with a brief review of Florida Blancan faunas. Papers in Florida Paleontology 1:1-22 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 19753: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993, edited by Mark Uhen, Richard Hulbert and Jonathan Marcot

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• correlated to lower Matuyama chron (R) on basis of reversed sediments, ostracod biostrat, and Sr isotope dating

•said to include 23 land-mammal taxa, but only 19 are reported - insectivores are missing?

Show authors, comments, and common names
Mammalia
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Cuvieronius sp.8
Cuvieronius sp.8 Osborn 1923 gomphothere
 Chiroptera - Molossidae
Tadarida sp.
Tadarida sp. Rafinesque 1814 free-tailed bat
a bat
 Cingulata - Pampatheriidae
Holmesina floridanus
Holmesina floridanus Robertson 1976 edentate
 Cingulata - Dasypodidae
Dasypus bellus
Dasypus bellus Simpson 1929 beautiful armadillo
 Megatherioidea - Megalonychidae
Megalonyx leptostomus
Megalonyx leptostomus Cope 1893 edentate
  - Mylodontidae
Glossotherium chapadmalense
Glossotherium chapadmalense Kraglievich 1925 edentate
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp., "Hippotherium emsliei" = Cormohipparion emsliei3, Nannippus peninsulatus
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse
"Hippotherium emsliei" = Cormohipparion emsliei3 Hulbert 1988 hipparionine horse
Nannippus peninsulatus Cope 1885 hipparionine horse
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
Odocoileus virginianus6
Odocoileus virginianus6 Zimmermann 1780 white-tailed deer
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bovinae indet.4
Bovinae indet.4 Gray 1821 antelope
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Hemiauchenia macrocephala1
Hemiauchenia macrocephala1 Cope 1893 camel
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
Mylohyus floridanus, Platygonus bicalcaratus
Mylohyus floridanus Kinsey 1974 peccary
Platygonus bicalcaratus Cope 1893 peccary
 Carnivora - Felidae
Lynx sp.6
Lynx sp.6 Kerr 1792 lynx
 Carnivora - Odobenidae
Ontocetus emmonsi5
Ontocetus emmonsi5 Leidy 1859 walrus
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Trigonictis macrodon
Trigonictis macrodon Cope 1868 mustelid carnivore
 Carnivora - Procyonidae
Procyon sp.
Procyon sp. Storr 1780 raccoon
 Carnivora - Canidae
Theriodictis ? floridanus7
Theriodictis ? floridanus7 Tedford et al. 2009 canine
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Sylvilagus webbi9
Sylvilagus webbi9 White 1991 cottontail rabbit
 Rodentia - Geomyidae
Orthogeomys cf. propinetis1
Orthogeomys cf. propinetis1 Wilkins 1984 pocket gopher
 Rodentia - Hydrochoeridae
"Neochoerus dichroplax" = Phugatherium dichroplax
"Neochoerus dichroplax" = Phugatherium dichroplax Ahearn and Lance 1980 caviomorph
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
"Sigmodon medius" = Sigmodon minor
"Sigmodon medius" = Sigmodon minor Gidley 1922 cotton rat
Reptilia
 Squamata - Colubridae
Nerodia sp.
Nerodia sp. Baird and Girard 1853 water snake
 Testudines - Chelydridae
"Macroclemys temmincki" = Macrochelys temminckii3
"Macroclemys temmincki" = Macrochelys temminckii3 Troost 1835 Alligator snapping turtle
 Testudines - Emydidae
Pseudemys platymarginata
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Geochelone sp.3
Geochelone sp.3 Fitzinger 1835 turtle
 Crocodylia - Alligatoridae
Alligator sp.
Alligator sp. Daudin 1809 alligator
Aves
 Charadriiformes - Recurvirostridae
Himantopus sp.2
Himantopus sp.2 Brisson 1760 shorebird
 Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae indet.2, "Actitis macularia" = Actitis macularius2, Scolopax sp.2, Gallinago sp.2, Tringa sp.2, Limnodromus sp.2
Scolopacidae indet.2 Rafinesque 1815 snipe
"Actitis macularia" = Actitis macularius2 Linnaeus 1766 spotted sandpiper
Scolopax sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 snipe
Gallinago sp.2 Brisson 1760 snipe
Tringa sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 snipe
Limnodromus sp.2 Wied-Neuwied 1833 dowitcher
 Galliformes - Phasianidae
Meleagris sp.2
Meleagris sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 turkey
 Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae
Ciconia maltha2
Ciconia maltha2 Miller 1910 asphalt stork
 Pelecaniformes - Threskiornithidae
Eudocimus sp.2
Eudocimus sp.2 Wagler 1832 ibis
 Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Ardea sp.2, Botaurus sp.2, Botaurus lentiginosus2, Nyctanassa violacea2, Egretta sp.2, Ixobrychus exilis2
Ardea sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 heron
Botaurus sp.2 Stephens 1819 heron
smaller than B. lentiginosus, about right size for B. hibbardi from Rexroad
Botaurus lentiginosus2 Rackett 1813 American bittern
Nyctanassa violacea2 Linnaeus 1758 yellow-crowned night heron
Egretta sp.2 Forster 1817 egret
Ixobrychus exilis2 Gmelin 1789 least bittern
 Suliformes - Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocorax sp.2
Phalacrocorax sp.2 Brisson 1760 cormorant
 Anseriformes - Anatidae
Dendrocygna sp.2, Oxyura hulberti n. sp.2, Anserinae indet.2, Branta canadensis2, Helonetta brodkorbi n. gen. n. sp.2, Mergus merganser2, Bucephala cf. albeola2, Anas cf. crecca2, Anabernicula gracilenta2, Aythya valisineria2, Aythya collaris2, "Anas cf. americana" = Mareca americana2, "Anas cf. cyanoptera" = Spatula cyanoptera2, "Anas discors" = Spatula discors2, "Anas cf. clypeata" = Spatula clypeata2
Dendrocygna sp.2 Swinson 1837 whistling duck
Oxyura hulberti n. sp.2 Emslie 1992 waterfowl
Anserinae indet.2 Vigors 1825 goose
Branta canadensis2 Linnaeus 1758 Canada goose
Helonetta brodkorbi n. gen. n. sp.2 Emslie 1992 duck
Mergus merganser2 Linnaeus 1758 common merganser
or could be M. serrator
Bucephala cf. albeola2 Linnaeus 1758 bufflehead
Anas cf. crecca2 Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian teal
Anabernicula gracilenta2 Ross 1935 dabbling duck
Aythya valisineria2 Wilson 1814 canvasback
or could be A. americana
Aythya collaris2 Donovan 1809 ring-necked duck
or could be A. affinis
"Anas cf. americana" = Mareca americana2 Gmelin 1789 American wigeon
"Anas cf. cyanoptera" = Spatula cyanoptera2 Viellot 1816 cinnamon teal
"Anas discors" = Spatula discors2 Linnaeus 1766 blue-winged teal
"Anas cf. clypeata" = Spatula clypeata2 Linnaeus 1758 northern shoveler
 Passeriformes -
Passeriformes indet.2
Passeriformes indet.2 Linnaeus 1758 perching bird
 Passeriformes - Icteridae
Icteridae indet.2, cf. Agelaius phoeniceus2
Icteridae indet.2 Vigors 1825 perching bird
cf. Agelaius phoeniceus2 Linnaeus 1766 red-winged blackbird
 Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae
Podilymbus podiceps2
Podilymbus podiceps2 Linnaeus 1758 pied-billed grebe
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
"Porphyrula sp." = Porphyrio2, Rallus sp.2, Rallus longirostris2, Rallus limicola2, Fulica cf. americana2, Laterallus sp.2, Gallinula sp.2
"Porphyrula sp." = Porphyrio2 Brisson 1760 rail
Rallus sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 rail
two sizes represented, informally designated species A and B
Rallus longirostris2 Boddaert 1783 mangrove rail
or could be Rallus elegans
Rallus limicola2 Vieillot 1819 Virginia rail
Fulica cf. americana2 Gmelin 1789 American coot
Laterallus sp.2 Bonaparte 1854 rail
Gallinula sp.2 Brisson 1760 moorhen
 Gruiformes - Gruidae
"Grus canadensis" = Antigone canadensis2
"Grus canadensis" = Antigone canadensis2 Linnaeus 1758 Sandhill crane
 Cathartiformes - Cathartidae
cf. Gymnogyps sp.2
cf. Gymnogyps sp.2 Lesson 1842 New World vulture
 Phoenicopteriformes - Phoenicopteridae
Phoenicopterus sp.2
Phoenicopterus sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 flamingo
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Spizaetus sp.2
Spizaetus sp.2 Vieillot 1816 hawk-eagle
Amphibia
 Salientia - Ranidae
Rana sp.3
Rana sp.3 Linnaeus 1758 frog
 Caudata - Urodela
Siren sp.
Siren sp. Linnaeus 1766 siren
Actinopteri
 Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteus sp.3
Lepisosteus sp.3 Agassiz 1843 gar
 Acanthomorphata - Centropomidae
Centropomus sp.3
Centropomus sp.3 Lacépède 1802
Gnathostomata
  -
Chondrichthyes indet.3
Chondrichthyes indet.3 Huxley 1880 cartilaginous fish
1Alroy 2002; 2Emslie 1992; 3Hulbert 1988; 4Jones et al. 1991; 5Kohno and Ray 2008; 6Morgan and Hulbert 1995; 7Tedford et al. 2009; 8Webb and Dudley 1995; 9White 1991