Skyline Quarry (Miocene of the United States)

Where: San Bernardino County, California (34.8° N, 117.0° W: paleocoordinates 34.1° N, 112.3° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Middle Member (Barstow Formation), Barstovian (16.0 - 13.6 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial

Primary reference: X. Wang, R. H. Tedford, and B. E. Taylor. 1999. Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 243:1-392 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

PaleoDB collection 19548: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 19.05.2000, edited by Jonathan Marcot

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• about 7 m below the Skyline Tuff, i.e., uppermost Middle Member sensu Woodburne et al. 1990; tuff dated by Rasbury et al. 1999 at 14.128 +/- 0.013 Ma (Ar-Ar on groundmass)
generalized "Second Division Fauna" records of Woodburne et al. 1990, unless otherwise stated: Aelurodon asthenostylus Wang et al. 1999 Megahippus mckennai Kelly and Lander 1988: "upper 6 m of the middle member... level of Hailstone, May Day, and Skyline Quarries" Merychippus sp., said to be new Archaeohippus mourningi "Brachycrus laticeps" Kelly and Lander 1988 - see S & F 40!! Michenia sp. Paramiolabis sp. - "singularis clade": Woodburne 1991b; "Miolabis" sp. in quotes Miolabis sp. (sensu stricto) Protolabis cf. barstowensis
Mammalia
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Megahippus mckennai3 Tedford and Alf 1962 anchitheriine horse
Hypohippus affinis3 Leidy 1858 anchitheriine horse
Supplemental Table S1
Hypohippus aff. osborni3 Gidley 1907 anchitheriine horse
Gonzalez and Lofgren state that there are two different Hypohippus species in Skyline Quarry. Hypohippus affinis is the large one, and the other is Hypohippus aff. osborni. I am assuming that Mihlbachler et al., looked at the larger species.
"Merychippus intermontanus" = Scaphohippus intermontanus6 Merriam 1915 horse
see also Pagnac 2006
Acritohippus stylodontus1 Merriam 1919 horse
 Artiodactyla - Antilocapridae
Merriamoceros coronatus1, "Cosoryx (Paracosoryx) alticornis n. sp." = Paracosoryx alticornis2, Ramoceros brevicornis n. sp.2
Merriamoceros coronatus1 Merriam 1913 pronghorn
"Cosoryx (Paracosoryx) alticornis n. sp." = Paracosoryx alticornis2 Frick 1937 pronghorn
Ramoceros brevicornis n. sp.2 Frick 1937 pronghorn
also "above Skyline"
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Amphicyon sp.4 Lartet 1836 bear-dog
 Carnivora - Canidae
Leptocyon leidyi5 Tedford et al. 2009 canine
Cynarctus galushai Wang et al. 1999 bone-crushing dog
Microtomarctus conferta Matthew 1918 bone-crushing dog
Protepicyon raki Wang et al. 1999 bone-crushing dog
Paratomarctus temerarius Leidy 1858 bone-crushing dog
Aelurodon asthenostylus Wang et al. 1999 bone-crushing dog