Seaboard Air Line Railroad Company (Miocene of the United States)

Where: Leon County, Florida (30.3° N, 84.2° W: paleocoordinates 30.7° N, 80.5° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: lower Member (Torreya Formation), Hemingfordian (20.4 - 16.0 Ma)

• from five successive beds with thicknessess of 1-2", 12-20", 1-2", 3-4", and 14-16"; the second bed is the "primary vertebrate zone" and the first is "part of primary vertebrate zone"

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: estuary or bay; shelly/skeletal, green, yellow sandstone

• "an estuarine type of shoreline of a shallow Miocene sea... The vertebrates were contained in both the oyster bar and in the sediments immediately below the bar"
• first bed is "sand, light yellowish gray, quartz, medium grained, loose subrounded particles"; second is "sand, light greenish gray in color, quartz, medium grained, containing broken [oyster] shell fragments and whole shells"; third is "clay, dark yellowish orange, with laminae of quartz sand, moderately yellow-brown" including "Limestone fragments"; fourth is "sand, dark yellowish brown, quartz, medium grained in a clay matrix"; fifth includes "Individual oyster shells... lying horizontally, strongly cemeted [sic] together"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by S. J. Olsen, R. Cantwell, C. Cox

Collection methods: salvage, quarrying,

• "The fossil remains came to light during dragline operations... while making a road cut"

Primary reference: S. J. Olsen. 1964. The stratigraphic importance of a Lower Miocene vertebrate fauna from north Florida. Journal of Paleontology 38(3):477-482 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 18586: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 30.04.1994, edited by Richard Hulbert and Patricia Holroyd

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• overlying horizon dated at 18.4 +/- 1.0 Ma (Sr isotope), but sample has a strong diagenetic overprint despite being biochronologically consistent: Bryant et al. 1992
Bivalvia
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
cf. Ostrea normalis Gardner 1926 oyster
Mammalia
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Anchitherium clarencei5 Simpson 1932 anchitheriine horse
Archaeohippus blackbergi1 Hay 1924 anchitheriine horse
Parahippus leonensis Sellards 1916 anchitheriine horse
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Menoceras sp.7 Troxell 1921 rhinoceros
"perhaps" Aphelops
 Artiodactyla - Protoceratidae
Prosynthetoceras texanus6 Hay 1924 protoceratid
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Nothokemas cf. floridanus1 Simpson 1932 camel
Floridatragulus sp.6 White 1940 camel
may include "hypertragulid or cervid" of Olsen 1964
 Rodentia - Heteromyidae
Proheteromys floridanus Wood 1932 rodent
Reptilia
 Squamata - Boidae
Boidae indet. Gray 1825 boa
 Testudines - Podocnemididae
Podocnemididae indet.3 Cope 1868 sideneck turtle
 Testudines - Emydidae
Pseudemys sp. Gray 1856 cooter
"allied to the living Pseudemys floridana group" (i.e., Pseudemys sensu stricto)
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Testudinidae indet.2 Batsch 1788 turtle
 Crocodylia - Alligatoridae
Alligatoridae indet. crocodilian
"perhaps... Alligator olseni"
 Crocodylia - Crocodylidae
Crocodylidae indet. crocodile
"crocodile tooth"
Aves
 Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae
Ciconiidae indet. Sundevall 1836 stork
"stork"
Propelargus olseni n. sp.4 Brodkorb 1963 stork
 Gruiformes - Gruidae
Gruidae indet. Vigors 1825 crane
"crane"
 Phoenicopteriformes - Palaelodidae
Probalearica crataegensis n. sp.4 Brodkorb 1963 crane
Actinopteri
 Acanthuriformes - Sciaenidae
Pogonias cf. cromis Cope 1869 black drum
Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
 Rhinopristiformes - Pristidae
Pristis sp. Linck 1790 sawfish
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816 requiem shark