Palmetto Mine (Neogene of the United States)

Also known as Palmetto Washer Plant

Where: Polk County, Florida (27.7° N, 82.0° W: paleocoordinates 27.9° N, 80.3° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Bone Valley Member (Peace River Formation), Late/Upper Hemphillian (10.3 - 4.9 Ma)

• Berta and Galliano 1983 collected from coarse phosphatic gravels presumably of Upper Bone Valley Formation, not in situ.

Environment/lithology: marginal marine; pebbly, phosphatic, argillaceous, sandy sandstone

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: D. B. Wright and S. D. Webb. 1984. Primitive Mylohyus (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) from the Late Hemphillian Bone Valley of Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 3(3):152-159 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 18573: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993, edited by Nick Pyenson, Mark Uhen, Richard Hulbert, Evangelos Vlachos and Jonathan Marcot

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Aves
 Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Ardea polkensis n. sp.1 Brodkorb 1955 heron
"Late Hemphillian"
Reptilia
 Testudines - Emydidae
"Chrysemys inflata n. sp." = Trachemys inflata16
"Chrysemys inflata n. sp." = Trachemys inflata16 Weaver and Robertson 1967 slider
UF 12469 (holotype), a nuchal (Weaver and Robertson 1967, fig. 3)
 Testudines -
"Chelonia sp." = Testudines4
"Chelonia sp." = Testudines4 Batsch 1788 turtle
Mammalia
 Proboscidea - Mammutidae
Mammut matthewi19 Osborn 1921 mastodon
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Rhynchotherium edense19 gomphothere
 Sirenia - Dugongidae
Corystosiren varguezi5 Domning 1990 dugong
 Rodentia - Muridae
Muridae indet.19 Illiger 1811 mouse
 Rodentia - Castoridae
Dipoides sp.19 Jaeger 1835 beaver
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Nekrolagus progressus19 Hibbard 1939 rabbit
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Plionarctos sp.10 Frick 1926 bear
Upper Bone Valley, Palmetto Mine
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Enhydritherium terraenovae n. sp.3 Berta and Morgan 1985 otter
 Carnivora - Procyonidae
cf. Nasua sp.19 Storr 1780 coati
Arctonasua eurybates19 Baskin 1982 procyonid carnivore
 Carnivora - Felidae
Megantereon hesperus2, "Lynx rexroadensis" = Felis rexroadensis12
Megantereon hesperus2 Gazin 1933 cat
"Lynx rexroadensis" = Felis rexroadensis12 Stephens 1959 cat
 Carnivora - Canidae
Carpocyon limosus n. sp.17 Webb 1969 bone-crushing dog
"Palmetto Washer: Hexameryx locality"
Borophagus pugnator15 Cook 1922 bone-crushing dog
Palmetto Mine; Palmetto Washer; "Osteoborus crassapineatus"; "O. dudleyi" of Webb 1969b
 Artiodactyla - Antilocapridae
Hexameryx simpsoni18 White 1941 pronghorn
"West Palmetto Washer"; "Palmetto Washer"; "Palmetto Mine"
Sphenophalos garciae18 Webb 1973 pronghorn
 Artiodactyla - Gelocidae
Floridameryx floridanus19 Webb 2008 ruminant
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
"Catagonus brachydontus" = Protherohyus brachydontus21, Mylohyus elmorei
"Catagonus brachydontus" = Protherohyus brachydontus21 Dalquest and Mooser 1980 peccary
"Palmetto Mine"; "North Palmetto Mine"
Mylohyus elmorei White 1942 peccary
 Cetacea -
Delphinodon cf. mento14 Cope 1867 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Pontoporiidae
Pontoporiidae indet.14 Gray 1870 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Delphinidae
Delphinidae indet.14 Gray 1821 dolphin
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Hemiauchenia edensis19 Frick 1921 camel
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Dinohippus mexicanus11 Lance 1950 horse
Calippus sp. Matthew and Stirton 1930 horse
Pseudhipparion simpsoni20 Webb and Hulbert 1986 hipparionine horse
Neohipparion eurystyle7 Cope 1893 hipparionine horse
also at North Palmetto Mine
Nannippus aztecus13 Mooser 1968 hipparionine horse
"Hippotherium emsliei" = Cormohipparion emsliei8 Hulbert 1988 hipparionine horse
 Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus sp.9 Brisson 1762 tapir
"early Pliocene... Palmetto Fauna"
Tapirus polkensis6 Olsen 1960 tapir
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Teleoceras hicksi19 Cook 1927 rhinoceros