Upper Nodular Zone (Princeton) (Oligocene of the United States)

Where: Shannon County, South Dakota (43.3° N, 102.5° W: paleocoordinates 44.4° N, 94.3° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

When: Scenic Member (Brule Formation), Orellan (33.9 - 33.3 Ma)

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial

Primary reference: W. J. Sinclair. 1924. The Faunas of the Concretionary Zones of the Oreodon Beds, White River Oligocene. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 63(1):94-133 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]more details

PaleoDB collection 17296: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 26.03.1995

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• most of this appears to be from Corral Draw, although some records are known to be from Cottonwood Creek, Indian Creek, and Quinn Draw (see)
Mammalia
 Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Hyaenodon crucians Leidy 1853 creodont
 Artiodactyla - Merycoidodontidae
"Eporeodon bullatus" = Merycoidodon bullatus Leidy 1869 oreodont
additional specimen of "M. dani" listed by Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 from "1/2 mile north of Cottonwood Pass (in Big Corral Draw)" Brule Zone B
Miniochoerus starkensis2 Schultz and Falkenbach 1956 oreodont
 Artiodactyla - Leptomerycidae
Leptomeryx evansi Leidy 1853 ruminant
10' below UNZ
 Artiodactyla - Entelodontidae
Archaeotherium mortoni Leidy 1850 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Poebrotherium sp. Leidy 1847 camel
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
"Mesohippus grallipes" = Miohippus gidleyi3, "Mesohippus bairdii" = Mesohippus bairdi
"Mesohippus grallipes" = Miohippus gidleyi3 Osborn 1904 anchitheriine horse
referred Princeton specimen from "upper Oreodon beds in Corral Draw" collected by J. B. Hatcher in 1894
"Mesohippus bairdii" = Mesohippus bairdi Leidy 1850 anchitheriine horse
 Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Colodon occidentalis1 Leidy 1868 tapir
 Perissodactyla - Hyracodontidae
"Hyracodon nebrascensis" = Hyracodon nebraskensis
"Hyracodon nebrascensis" = Hyracodon nebraskensis Leidy 1850 odd-toed ungulate
"Fifteen feet below upper zone of rusty nodules, Lower Oreodon beds, Corral Draw"; other material of Hyracodon is from Quinn Draw and Indian Creek (see)