Oreodon Layer (1892 AMNH Collection) (Oligocene of the United States)

Where: Pennington and Scenic County, South Dakota (43.9° N, 102.5° W: paleocoordinates 45.0° N, 94.3° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: lower Scenic Member (Brule Formation), Orellan (33.9 - 33.3 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial

Reposited in the AMNH

Primary reference: H. F. Osborn and J. L. Wortman. 1894. Fossil mammals of the Lower Miocene White River beds. Collection of 1892. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 6(7):199-228 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Carrano]more details

PaleoDB collection 17153: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.10.1995

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• based on Osborn 1937, this is mostly from Indian Creek, Corral Draw, and Quinn Draw
Mammalia
 Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Hyaenodon horridus Leidy 1853 creodont
includes "H. cruentus"
Hyaenodon crucians Leidy 1853 creodont
includes type of "H. paucidens"
 Carnivora - Nimravidae
Hoplophoneus occidentalis Leidy 1866 false sabre-tooth
Hoplophoneus primaevus Leidy and Owen 1851 false sabre-tooth
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Daphoenus sp. Leidy 1853 bear-dog
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Mesohippus bairdi Leidy 1850 anchitheriine horse
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
"Aceratherium occidentale" = Subhyracodon occidentalis, "Aceratherium mite" = Subhyracodon mitis
"Aceratherium occidentale" = Subhyracodon occidentalis Leidy 1850 rhinoceros
"Aceratherium mite" = Subhyracodon mitis Cope 1875 rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Hyracodontidae
Hyracodon sp. Leidy 1856 odd-toed ungulate
 Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Protapirus simplex n. sp.3, "Colodon luxatus" = Colodon occidentalis
Protapirus simplex n. sp.3 Wortman and Earle 1893 tapir
"Colodon luxatus" = Colodon occidentalis Leidy 1868 tapir
occidentalis is listed instead by Osborn and Wortman 1895 without comment, presumably indicating agreement with Wortman and Earle 1893
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Poebrotherium wilsoni Leidy 1847 camel
 Artiodactyla - Merycoidodontidae
"Oreodon culbertsoni" = Merycoidodon culbertsonii Leidy 1848 oreodont
confirmed by Schultz and Falkenbach 1968, who assign some material to "M. cuilbertsoni osborni"
Miniochoerus affinis2 Leidy 1869 oreodont
figured specimen of "Oreodon gracile"; no evidence that M. gracilis is present in this collection
 Artiodactyla - Anthracotheriidae
"Anthracotherium occidentale" = Heptacodon occidentale, "Hyopotamus americanus" = Aepinacodon americanus
"Anthracotherium occidentale" = Heptacodon occidentale Osborn and Wortman 1894 anthracothere
"Hyopotamus americanus" = Aepinacodon americanus Leidy 1856 anthracothere
 Artiodactyla - Entelodontidae
"Elotherium mortoni" = Archaeotherium mortoni
"Elotherium mortoni" = Archaeotherium mortoni Leidy 1850 even-toed ungulate
may include "Elotherium imperator"
 Artiodactyla - Hypertragulidae
Hypertragulus calcaratus1 Cope 1873 ruminant
1892 collection from "Lower Oreodon Beds, Cheyenne River"
 Artiodactyla - Leptomerycidae
Leptomeryx evansi Leidy 1853 ruminant
see also Frick 1937
 Rodentia - Ischyromyidae
Ischyromys sp. Leidy 1856 rodent
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Palaeolagus haydeni Leidy 1856 rabbit