Peanut Peak (Eocene of the United States)

Where: Shannon County, South Dakota (43.3° N, 102.5° W: paleocoordinates 44.6° N, 93.7° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

When: Peanut Peak Member (Chadron Formation), Chadronian (37.2 - 33.9 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial

Primary reference: J. Clark and J. R. Beerbower. 1967. Geology, paleoecology, and paleoclimatology of the Chadron Formation. Fieldiana 5(5):21-74 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 17006: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• "upper Chadron" or "Upper Titanotherium Beds" records are retained here because the Peanut Peak is present wherever the lower members outcrop
Wood 1927 mentions a specimen from "the Upper Tianotherium Beds, Cane Creek, South Dakota" that he compares to Amphicaenopus platycephalum
Mammalia
 Theriamorpha - Leptictidae
"Ictops dakotensis" = Leptictis dakotensis
"Ictops dakotensis" = Leptictis dakotensis Leidy 1868 eutherian
 Theriamorpha - Apternodontidae
Apternodus mediaevus Matthew 1903 placental
 Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae
Brontotheriidae indet.1, "Brontotherium curtum" = Megacerops curtus, Brontops robustus n. sp.5, "Megacerops marshi n. sp." = Menops marshi, "Allops serotinus n. sp." = Menops serotinus
Brontotheriidae indet.1 Marsh 1873 brontothere
"Brontotherium curtum" = Megacerops curtus Marsh 1887 brontothere
Brontops robustus n. sp.5 Marsh 1887 brontothere
from "upper Titanotherium zone... Corral Draw"; also skeleton of "Titanotherium robustum" Osborn and Wortman 1895 from "upper Titanotherium beds... near the head of Corral Canon"
"Megacerops marshi n. sp." = Menops marshi Osborn 1902 brontothere
"Allops serotinus n. sp." = Menops serotinus Marsh 1887 brontothere
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
"Caenopus mitis" = Subhyracodon mitis, "Aceratherium trigonodum n. sp." = Subhyracodon occidentalis, "Trigonias wellsi n. sp." = Trigonias wellsi8, "Trigonias gregoryi n. sp." = Trigonias wellsi
"Caenopus mitis" = Subhyracodon mitis Cope 1875 rhinoceros
"Aceratherium trigonodum n. sp." = Subhyracodon occidentalis Leidy 1850 rhinoceros
"Trigonias wellsi n. sp." = Trigonias wellsi8 Wood 1927 rhinoceros
from "Upper Titanotherium Beds, Corral Draw"
"Trigonias gregoryi n. sp." = Trigonias wellsi Wood 1927 rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Hyracodontidae
Hyracodon cf. priscidens Lambe 1905 odd-toed ungulate
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Mesohippus exoletus6, Mesohippus bairdi1, "Mesohippus grandis n. sp." = Miohippus grandis
Mesohippus exoletus6 Cope 1874 anchitheriine horse
5 ft below top of Chadron, Red Shirt Table, Shannon Co.
Mesohippus bairdi1 Leidy 1850 anchitheriine horse
"Mesohippus grandis n. sp." = Miohippus grandis Clark and Beerbower 1967 anchitheriine horse
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Poebrotherium sp.7 Leidy 1847 camel
FMNH specimen from Shannon Co.
 Artiodactyla - Entelodontidae
Archaeotherium scotti n. sp. Sinclair 1922 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Anthracotheriidae
Aepinacodon americanus n. sp.4 Leidy 1856 anthracothere
this and the next record surely include "Bothriodon sp." because Clark would have followed Scott's taxonomy
Aepinacodon deflectus n. sp.4 Marsh 1890 anthracothere
discussed by Troxell 1921a without indication of exact level
 Artiodactyla - Protoceratidae
"Poabromylus minor" = Pseudoprotoceras minor, "Leptotragulus profectus" = Trigenicus profectus
"Poabromylus minor" = Pseudoprotoceras minor Wilson 1974 protoceratid
"Leptotragulus profectus" = Trigenicus profectus Matthew 1903 protoceratid
 Artiodactyla - Hypertragulidae
Hypertragulidae indet. Cope 1879 ruminant
 Artiodactyla - Merycoidodontidae
"Merycoidodon lewisi n. sp." = Merycoidodon culbertsonii
"Merycoidodon lewisi n. sp." = Merycoidodon culbertsonii Leidy 1848 oreodont
 Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Hyaenodon cf. horridus1 Leidy 1853 creodont
Hyaenodon cf. montanus Douglass 1902 creodont
 Carnivora - Nimravidae
Dinictis felina1 Leidy 1854 false sabre-tooth
Hoplophoneus oharrai n. sp. Jepsen 1926 false sabre-tooth
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Daphoenus sp.3, "Daphoenocyon dodgei" = Brachyrhynchocyon dodgei
Daphoenus sp.3 Leidy 1853 bear-dog
"Daphoenocyon dodgei" = Brachyrhynchocyon dodgei Scott 1898 bear-dog
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Mustelavus priscus n. sp. Clark 1936 mustelid carnivore
see also Baskin and Tedford 1996
 Carnivora - Subparictidae
"Parictis dakotensis n. sp." = Subparictis dakotensis
"Parictis dakotensis n. sp." = Subparictis dakotensis Clark 1936 carnivoran
see Clark and Guensburg 1972: from "probably Peanut Peak Member, Big Corral Draw, Washington (now Shannon) County"
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Parictis major n. sp.2 Clark and Guensburg 1972 bear
NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec 12 T42N R45W Shannon Co.; placed in this mbr. by Baskin and Tedford 1996
 Carnivora - Canidae
Hesperocyon gregarius Cope 1873 canid