PBDB Collection

South Pass (Gardnerbuttean) (Eocene of the United States)

Also known as Honeycomb Buttes

Where: Fremont County, Wyoming (42.4° N, 108.9° W: paleocoordinates 46.2° N, 94.9° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Wasatch Formation, Bridgerian (50.3 - 46.2 Ma)

• spans upper chron C24n and lower chron C23r: Clyde et al. 2001

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial-lacustrine; brown shale and gypsiferous carbonate

• fossils are from "channel lags, sheet wash concentrations, and along ancient lake 'strand lines'"

• ""thick brown paper shales interbedded with relatively pure carbonate, trona, and gypsum beds"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: G. F. Gunnell and W. S. Bartels. 2001. Basin margins, biodiversity, evolutionary innovation, and the origin of new taxa. Eocene biodiversity: unusual occurrences and rarely sampled habitats (G. F. Gunnell, ed.) 403-432 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 15837: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 21.09.1998

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Reptilia
Crocodylia - Planocraniidae	"Pristichampsus vorax" = Boverisuchus vorax "Pristichampsus vorax" = Boverisuchus vorax Troxell 1925 crocodilian
Crocodylia -	"Diplocynodon" sp., Procaimanoidea sp. "Diplocynodon" sp. Pomel 1847 crocodilian Procaimanoidea sp. Gilmore 1946 crocodilian
Crocodylia - Crocodylidae	"Crocodylus" affinis "Crocodylus" affinis Marsh 1871 crocodile
Squamata -	Coniophis sp., Boavus occidentalis Coniophis sp. Marsh 1892 snake boid snake Boavus occidentalis Marsh 1871 snake boid snake
Squamata - Boidae	Calamagras primus Calamagras primus Hecht 1959 dwarf boa boid snake
Squamata - Tropidophiidae	Dunnophis microechinus Dunnophis microechinus dwarf boa boid snake
Squamata - Xantusiidae	Palaeoxantusia sp. Palaeoxantusia sp. Hecht 1956 night lizard xantusiid lizard
Squamata - Amphisbaenidae	Amphisbaenidae indet. Amphisbaenidae indet. worm lizard
Squamata -	Restes rugosus, Saniwa ensidens Restes rugosus Gauthier 1982 squamates xenosaurid lizard Saniwa ensidens Leidy 1870 squamates varanid lizard
Squamata - Anguidae	Glyptosaurinae indet., Xestops vagans, Glyptosaurus sylvestris, Machaerosaurus torrejonensis Glyptosaurinae indet. Marsh 1872 squamates "large" Xestops vagans Marsh 1872 squamates anguid lizard Glyptosaurus sylvestris Marsh 1871 squamates Machaerosaurus torrejonensis Gilmore 1928 squamates anguid lizard
Squamata - Iguanidae	Parasauromalus olseni Parasauromalus olseni Gilmore 1928 squamates iguanid lizard
Squamata - Agamidae	Tinosaurus sp. Tinosaurus sp. Marsh 1872 squamates agamid lizard
Testudines - Carettochelyidae	Anosteira ornata Anosteira ornata Leidy 1871 turtle
Testudines - Emydidae	Emydidae indet. Emydidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 turtle said to be new
Testudines - Geoemydidae	"Echmatemys septaria" = Echmatemys stevensoniana "Echmatemys septaria" = Echmatemys stevensoniana Leidy 1870 turtle
Testudines - Trionychidae	Trionychidae indet., Trionychinae indet.², "Amyda aequa" = Trionyx aequa Trionychidae indet. Gray 1825 softshell turtle said to be new Trionychinae indet.² Gray 1825 softshell turtle "Amyda aequa" = Trionyx aequa Hay 1908 softshell turtle
Testudinata - Baenidae	Baenidae indet. Baenidae indet. Cope 1882 turtle
Mammalia
Theriamorpha - Leptictidae	Leptictidae indet. Leptictidae indet. Gill 1872 eutherian
Theriamorpha - Stylinodontidae	Stylinodontidae indet. Stylinodontidae indet. taeniodont
Cimolesta - Apatemyidae	Apatemys sp. Apatemys sp. Marsh 1872 eutherian
Cimolesta - Esthonychidae	Esthonyx sp., Trogosus sp. Esthonyx sp. Cope 1874 tillodont Trogosus sp. Leidy 1871 tillodont
Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae	Hyopsodus sp. Hyopsodus sp. Leidy 1870 condylarth
Acreodi - Mesonychidae	? Mesonyx sp. ? Mesonyx sp. Cope 1872 condylarth
Theriamorpha - Metacheiromyidae	Metacheiromyidae indet., Brachianodon westorum Metacheiromyidae indet. Wortman 1903 placental Brachianodon westorum Gunnell and Gingerich 1993 placental
Theriamorpha - Epoicotheriidae	Epoicotheriidae indet. Epoicotheriidae indet. Simpson 1927 placental
Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae	Sinopa sp., Tritemnodon sp. Sinopa sp. Leidy 1871 creodont Tritemnodon sp. Matthew 1906 creodont
Creodonta -	Thinocyon sp., Prolimnocyon sp. Thinocyon sp. Marsh 1872 creodont Prolimnocyon sp. Matthew and Granger 1915 creodont
Creodonta - Oxyaenidae	Patriofelis sp. Patriofelis sp. Leidy 1870 creodont
Theriamorpha -	Miacis sp., Vulpavus cf. canavus, Vulpavus cf. australis, Uintacyon sp. Miacis sp. Cope 1872 placental Vulpavus cf. canavus Cope 1881 placental Vulpavus cf. australis Matthew and Granger 1915 placental Uintacyon sp. Leidy 1873 placental
Theriamorpha - Viverravidae	Viverravus minutus, Viverravus sicarius, Viverravus gracilis, Didymictis altidens Viverravus minutus Wortman 1901 placental Viverravus sicarius Matthew 1909 placental Viverravus gracilis Marsh 1872 placental Didymictis altidens Cope 1880 placental
Theriamorpha -	Oodectes sp. Oodectes sp. Wortman 1901 placental
Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae	Hyracotherium sp. Hyracotherium sp. Owen 1841 odd-toed ungulate
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Orohippus sp. Orohippus sp. Marsh 1872 horse
Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae	"Eotitanops minimus" = Eotitanops gregoryi, Palaeosyops fontinalis "Eotitanops minimus" = Eotitanops gregoryi Osborn 1913 brontothere Palaeosyops fontinalis Cope 1873 brontothere
Perissodactyla - Isectolophidae	Isectolophidae indet. Isectolophidae indet. Peterson 1919 odd-toed ungulate
Perissodactyla - Hyrachyidae	Hyrachyus sp. Hyrachyus sp. Leidy 1871 odd-toed ungulate
Perissodactyla -	Helaletes sp. Helaletes sp. Marsh 1872 odd-toed ungulate
Artiodactyla - Homacodontidae	Hexacodus sp., Antiacodon sp., Microsus sp. Hexacodus sp. Gazin 1952 even-toed ungulate said to be new Antiacodon sp. Marsh 1872 even-toed ungulate "small" Microsus sp. Leidy 1870 even-toed ungulate said to be new
Artiodactyla - Diacodexeidae	Bunophorus sp. Bunophorus sp. Sinclair 1914 even-toed ungulate
Theriamorpha - Pantolestoidae	Pantolestidae indet. Pantolestidae indet. Cope 1884 placental
Rodentia - Paramyidae	Paramyidae indet. Paramyidae indet. Miller and Gidley 1918 rodent "3-4 species"
Rodentia - Sciuravidae	Sciuravidae indet. Sciuravidae indet. Miller and Gidley 1918 rodent
Rodentia - Cylindrodontidae	Cylindrodontidae indet. Cylindrodontidae indet. Miller and Gidley 1918 rodent
Rodentia - Ischyromyidae	Microparamys sp. Microparamys sp. Wood 1959 rodent
Primates - Notharctidae	Cantius nunienus, Smilodectes sororis n. sp.³, Notharctus robinsoni, Notharctus venticolus Cantius nunienus Cope 1881 primate Smilodectes sororis n. sp.³ Gunnell 2002 primate said to be new Notharctus robinsoni Gingerich 1979 primate Notharctus venticolus Osborn 1902 primate
Primates - Plesiadapidae	Trogolemur sp.⁴ Trogolemur sp.⁴ Matthew 1909 primate
Primates - Omomyidae	Omomys lloydi, Omomys carteri, Uintanius rutherfurdi, Utahia carina n. sp.⁴, Washakius insignis, Washakius izetti, Artimonius nocerai⁴, Artimonius witteri⁴ Omomys lloydi Gazin 1958 tarsier UM SP-23: Muldoon and Gunnell 2002 Omomys carteri Leidy 1869 tarsier UM SP-46, 79, 110, 122: Muldoon and Gunnell 2002 Uintanius rutherfurdi Robinson 1966 tarsier UM SP-28: Muldoon and Gunnell 2002 Utahia carina n. sp.⁴ Muldoon and Gunnell 2002 tarsier said to be new Washakius insignis Leidy 1873 tarsier at UM SP-1, 23, 28, 35, 79, 122: Muldoon and Gunnell 2002 Washakius izetti Honey 1990 tarsier at UM SP-6, 23, 26, 28, 37, 79, 110, 127: Muldoon and Gunnell 2002 Artimonius nocerai⁴ Robinson 1966 tarsier Artimonius witteri⁴ Morris 1954 tarsier
Primates - Microsyopidae	Microsyops cf. scottianus, Microsyops knightensis Microsyops cf. scottianus Cope 1881 primate Microsyops knightensis Gazin 1952 primate
Theriamorpha - Peradectidae	Peradectes sp. Peradectes sp. Matthew and Granger 1921 marsupial
Theriamorpha - Herpetotheriidae	"Herpetotheriinae indet." = Herpetotheriidae¹ "Herpetotheriinae indet." = Herpetotheriidae¹ Trouessart 1879 marsupial
Dinocerata - Uintatheriidae	Bathyopsis sp. Bathyopsis sp. Cope 1881 uintathere
Echmatemys wyomingensis
-	Echmatemys wyomingensis Echmatemys wyomingensis Leidy 1870
Scenopagus
-	Scenopagus sp. Scenopagus sp. McKenna and Simpson 1959
Baptemys wyomingensis
-	Baptemys wyomingensis Baptemys wyomingensis Leidy 1870

¹Alroy 2002; ²Alroy 2007; ³Gunnell 2002; ⁴Muldoon and Gunnell 2002