Waipara River, upstream from Laidmore Bridge (M3/f9254) (Cretaceous of New Zealand)

Also known as S68/314, 318-9, 766, 1254

Where: South Island, New Zealand (43.1° S, 172.6° E: paleocoordinates 56.4° S, 153.8° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Globotruncana circumnodifer foram zone, Conway Formation, Late/Upper Maastrichtian (70.6 - 66.0 Ma)

• The lithology was defined by Webb (1966) as the Laidmore Formation, a term also used in Welles and Gregg (1971). Later Warren and Speden (1978, p. 25) proposed that the Laidmore Formation be considered as a unit of the Conway Siltstone (Warren and Speden 1978); this was subsequently modified and published as the Conway Formation (Browne and Field 1985) and is now widely accepted as such (Wilson et al. 2005). The material was collected 6 m below the top of the Conway Formation. Wilson et al. (2005) extracted a sample from the matrix surrounding the holotype of P. waiparaensis and recorded a microflora dominated by taxa such as Manumiella seelandica (Lange, 1969), Manumiella druggii (Stover, 1973), Fibrocysta bipolaris (Cookson and Eisenack, 1965) and Alterbidinium longicornutum Roncaglia and Schiøler, 1997, an assemblage that confirms a late Maastrichtian age, close to the Cretaceous ⁄ Palaeogene boundary.

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: offshore; lithified, glauconitic sandstone

• Microflora is one typical of nearshore, inner shelf environments. But barnacle preservation suggests that the environment was clearly of very low energy, conforming to that of glauconite accumulation in present-day marine settings.
• Cemented glauconitic greensand matrix

Size class: macrofossils

Collected by S. Bunopas, S. Piyasin; reposited in the CM

Primary reference: S. P. Welles and D. R. Gregg. 1971. Late Cretaceous marine reptiles of New Zealand. Records of the Canterbury Museum 9(1):1-111 [M. Carrano/H. Street]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 106757: authorized by Matthew Carrano, entered by Hallie Street on 29.03.2011, edited by Matthew Clapham and Franco Aspromonte

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• 102 species of foraminifera known from this unit
Reptilia
 Plesiosauria -
Plesiosauria indet. de Blainville 1835 plesiosaur
CM Zfr 30, NHMUK 837
 Squamata - Mosasauridae
Prognathodon waiparaensis n. sp. Welles and Gregg 1971 mosasaur
CM Zfr 108 (holotype), disarticulated skull, cervical vertebrae and ribs
Actinopteri
 Teleostei -
Teleostei indet. Müller 1846
Vertebrae
Chondrichthyes
 Hexanchiformes - Hexanchidae
Hexanchus sp. Rafinesque 1810 sixgill shark
Gastropoda
  -
Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795 snail
Acmea-like gastropods
Thecostraca
 Verrucomorpha - Verrucidae
Verruca sauria n. sp. Buckeridge 2011 barnacle
Foraminifera
 Lituolida - Lituolidae
Nodosariata
 Nodosariida - Nodosariidae
Foraminifera
 Globigerinina - Hedbergellidae
 Globigerinaceae - Planomalinidae
 Globigerinaceae - Heterohelicidae
Guembelitria cretacea Cushman 1933
Heterohelix striata Ehrenberg 1840
Heterohelix globulosa Ehrenberg 1840
 Globigerinaceae - Globotruncanidae