Deep Bottom (Fontaine) (Cretaceous to of the United States)

Where: Henrico County, Virginia (37.4° N, 77.3° W: paleocoordinates 30.5° N, 39.0° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: IIB Member (Patapsco Formation), Middle Albian to Middle Albian (109.0 - 99.6 Ma)

Environment/lithology: fluvial; argillaceous siltstone and brown mudstone

• Embedded in this sandy matter we may find some particles more agrillaceous than the main mass, which retain to some extent the structure and cleavage of the original stratum. These furnish occasionally fragments of dicotyledons and other plants... The gray masses in which the plants are found are of the same general character as the debris in which they are embedded, being simply more agrillaceous. Associated with these, and inclosed in the confused martix, we find large rounded masses three or four feet in diameter, of a dark chocolate tenacious clay, which is entirely different from the surrounding sandy matter

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: adpression

Collected by W.M. Fontaine; reposited in the USNM

Primary reference: W. M. Fontaine. 1889. The Potomac or Younger Mesozoic Flora. Monographs of the United States Geological Survey 15(1):1-377 [S. Wing/N. Jud]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 106317: authorized by Scott Wing, entered by Nathan Jud on 09.03.2011

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
Polypodiopsida
  -
Cladophlebis constricta
Angiospermae
 Malvales - Malvaceae
Sterculia elegans
Sterculia elegans Fontaine 1889 tropical chestnut
 Sapindales - Sapindaceae
"Sapindopsis obtusifolia" = Sapindopsis magnifolia
"Sapindopsis obtusifolia" = Sapindopsis magnifolia Fontaine 1889 soapberry
 Rosales - Ulmaceae
"Ulmiphyllum crassinerve" = Ulmophyllum crassinerve
"Ulmiphyllum crassinerve" = Ulmophyllum crassinerve Fontaine 1889 elm
 Fagales - Juglandaceae
Juglandiphyllum integrifolium
 Malpighiales - Salicaceae
Populophyllum crassinerve
 Rosids - Moraceae
Ficophyllum crassinerve
Ficophyllum crassinerve Fontaine 1889 mulberry
 Apiales - Araliaceae
Aralia dubia, "Platanophyllum crassinerve" = Araliaephyllum crassinerve
Aralia dubia spikenard
"Platanophyllum crassinerve" = Araliaephyllum crassinerve Fontaine 1889
 Laurales - Lauraceae
Sassafras bilobata
Pinopsida
 Pinales - Taxaceae
Nageiopsis longifolia
Nageiopsis longifolia Fontaine 1889 yew
 Coniferales - Podocarpaceae
Podozamites acutifolius
Podozamites acutifolius Fontaine 1889 podocarp
Sphenopteridae
  - Sphenopteridae
Sphenopteris lobata