Stratford Hall, Serravallian (Miocene of the United States)

Where: Westmoreland County, Virginia (38.2° N, 76.8° W: paleocoordinates 38.4° N, 74.0° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

When: Choptank Formation (Chesapeake Group), Serravallian (13.8 - 11.6 Ma)

• all but basal member

Environment/lithology: marine; lithology not reported

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: R. E. Weems, L. E. Edwards, and B. Landacre. 2017. Geology and biostratigraphy of the Potomac River Cliffs at Stratford Hall, Westmoreland County, Virginia. The Geological Society of America Field Guide 47:125-152 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 126605: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Margaret Shalap on 09.04.2012, edited by Mark Uhen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
"Prosthenops" xiphiodonticus, Sarcobatus sp., Cicuta sp., Asteracea indet., aff. Ambrosia sp., Faxinus sp., Onagracea indet., Pontoperculate indet., Manikara sp.
aff. Ambrosia sp.
Ambrosia-like
Mammalia
 Carnivora - Canidae
Cynarctus crucidens
Cynarctus crucidens Barbour and Cook 1914 bone-crushing dog
 Carnivora - Phocidae
Monotherium wymani, Callophoca obscura, "Leptophoca lenis" = Leptophoca proxima
Monotherium wymani Leidy 1854 seal
Callophoca obscura Van Beneden 1876 seal
"Leptophoca lenis" = Leptophoca proxima Van Beneden 1876 seal
 Cetacea - Platanistidae
"Schizodelphis crassangulum" = Zarhachis crassangulum
"Schizodelphis crassangulum" = Zarhachis crassangulum Case 1904 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Kentriodontidae
Delphinodon sp.
Delphinodon sp. Leidy 1869 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Tranatocetidae
Mesocetus siphunculus
Mesocetus siphunculus Cope 1895 whale
 Cetacea -
Thinocetus arthritis
 Cetacea - Cetotheriidae
? Metopocetus durinasus
? Metopocetus durinasus Cope 1896 whale
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
Cynorca proterva
Cynorca proterva Cope 1867 peccary
 Proboscidea - Mammutidae
"Gomphotherium calvertensis" = Gomphotherium obscurum
"Gomphotherium calvertensis" = Gomphotherium obscurum Leidy 1869 mastodon
 Sirenia - Dugongidae
Metaxytherium cf. floridanum
Reptilia
 Testudines - Cheloniidae
Trachyaspis lardyi
Trachyaspis lardyi Meyer 1873 sea turtle
 Crocodylia -
Thecachampsa antiquus
Thecachampsa antiquus Leidy 1852 crocodilian
Actinopteri
 Acanthopteri - Sphyraenidae
Sphyraena cf. barracuda
Sphyraena cf. barracuda Edwards 1771 barracuda
 Labriformes - Labridae
Protautoga conidens
 Perciformes - Sparidae
Lagodon cf. rhomboides
Lagodon cf. rhomboides Linnaeus 1766 perch-like fish
 Tetraodontiformes - Diodontidae
Chilomycterus sp.
Chilomycterus sp. Brisout de Barneville 1846
 Tetraodontiformes - Molidae
Ranzania grahami
Ranzania grahami Weems 1985
 Acanthuriformes - Sciaenidae
Pogonias multidentatus
 Scombriformes - Scombridae
Scomberomorus sp.
Scomberomorus sp. Lacépède 1802
 Gadiformes - Merlucciidae
Merluccius billnearis
 Elopiformes - Megalopidae
Megalops cf. atlanticus
Megalops cf. atlanticus Valenciennes 1847
 Albuliformes - Albulidae
Albula sp.
Albula sp. Gronow 1763 bonefish
Chondrichthyes
 Rajiformes - Rajidae
Raja sp.
Raja sp. Linnaeus 1758 skate
 Carcharhiniformes - Triakidae
Mustelus sp.
Mustelus sp. hound shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo aduncus
Galeocerdo aduncus Agassiz 1835 tiger shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Rhizoprionodon fischeuri, Carcharhinus sp., Carcharhinus macloti, Negaprion eurybathrodon
Rhizoprionodon fischeuri sharpnose shark
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816 requiem shark
Carcharhinus macloti Muller and Henle 1839 requiem shark
Negaprion eurybathrodon Blake 1862 lemon shark
 Lamniformes - Odontaspididae
Odontaspis ferox
Odontaspis ferox Risso 1826 sand tiger shark
 Lamniformes - Otodontidae
"Carcharocles megalodon" = Otodus megalodon
"Carcharocles megalodon" = Otodus megalodon Agassiz 1835 megalodon
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
"Isurus oxyrhinchus" = Isurus oxyrinchus, Isurus escheri
"Isurus oxyrhinchus" = Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque 1810 mackerel shark
Isurus escheri Agassiz 1843 mackerel shark
 Hexanchiformes - Hexanchidae
Notorhynchus primigenius
Notorhynchus primigenius Agassiz 1835 sevengill shark
 Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae
Dasyatis sp.
Dasyatis sp. Rafinesque 1810 whiptail stingray
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Pteromylaeus sp., Rhinoptera sp., Myliobatis sp., Plinthicus stenodon, "Paramobula fragilis" = Manta fragilis
Pteromylaeus sp. Garman 1913 bull ray
Rhinoptera sp. Cuvier 1829 cownose ray
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
Plinthicus stenodon Cope 1869 eagle ray
"Paramobula fragilis" = Manta fragilis Cappetta 1970 manta
 Myliobatiformes - Aetobatidae
Aetobatus sp.
Aetobatus sp. Blainville 1816 stingray
 Coniferales - Cupressaceae
aff. Taxodium sp.
aff. Taxodium sp. Richard 1810 cypress
Taxodium-type
Pinopsida
 Pinales - Sciadopityaceae
Sciadopitys sp.
Sciadopitys sp. Siebold and Zuccarini 1842
 Pinales - Pinaceae
Picea sp., Pinus sp.
Picea sp. Dietrich 1824 spruce
Pinus sp. Linnaeus 1753 pine
Angiospermae
 Poales - Typhaceae
Typha sp.
Typha sp. Linnaeus 1753 bulrush
 Poales - Cyperaceae
Cyperaceae indet.
Cyperaceae indet. Jussieu 1789 sedge
 Proteales - Platanaceae
Platanus sp.
Platanus sp. Linnaeus 1753 plane tree
 Saxifragales - Hamamelidaceae
Liquidambar sp.
Liquidambar sp. Linnaeus 1753 sweetgum
 Caryophyllales - Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae indet.
Amaranthaceae indet. de Jussieu 1789
 Apiales - Apiaceae
Apiaceae indet.
Apiaceae indet. Lindley 1836
 Aquifoliales - Aquifoliaceae
Ilex sp.
Ilex sp. Linnaeus 1753 holly
 Cornales - Nyssaceae
Nyssa sp.
Nyssa sp. Linnaeus 1753 tupelo
 Vitales - Vitaceae
Vitis sp.
Vitis sp. Linnaeus 1753 grapevine
 Malpighiales - Salicaceae
Salix sp.
Salix sp. Linnaeus 1753 willow
 Fagales - Fagaceae
Quercus sp., aff. Castanea sp., Fagus sp.
Quercus sp. Linnaeus 1753 oak
aff. Castanea sp. Miller 1754 chestnut
Castanea-like
Fagus sp. Linnaeus 1753 beech
 Fagales - Juglandaceae
Juglans sp., Carya sp.
Juglans sp. Linnaeus 1753 walnut
Carya sp. Nuttall 1818 hickory
 Fagales - Betulaceae
Ostrya sp., Betula sp., Corylus sp., Alnus sp.
Ostrya sp. Scopoli 1760 hophornbeam
/Carpinus sp.
Betula sp. Linnaeus 1753 birch
Corylus sp. Linnaeus 1753 hazel
Alnus sp. Miller 1754 alder
 Rosales - Ulmaceae
Planera sp., Ulmus sp.
Planera sp. Gmelin 1791 water elm
Ulmus sp. Linnaeus 1753 elm
 Sapindales - Sapindaceae
Acer sp.
Acer sp. Linnaeus 1753 maple
Ginkgoopsida
 Ephedrales - Ephedraceae
Ephedra sp.
Ephedra sp. Linnaeus 1753 jointfir