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Emydopoidea
Taxonomy
Emydopoidea was named by van Hoepen (1934). It is not extant.
It was reranked as the family Emydopoidea by King (1988); it was reranked as the unranked clade Emydopoidea by Kammerer and Angielczyk (2009) and Fröbisch and Reisz (2011).
It was assigned to Diictodontoidea by King (1988); to Dicynodontia by Angielczyk et al. (2009) and Fröbisch et al. (2010); to Therochelonia by Kammerer and Angielczyk (2009) and Fröbisch and Reisz (2011); and to Dicynodontia by Kammerer et al. (2015).
It was reranked as the family Emydopoidea by King (1988); it was reranked as the unranked clade Emydopoidea by Kammerer and Angielczyk (2009) and Fröbisch and Reisz (2011).
It was assigned to Diictodontoidea by King (1988); to Dicynodontia by Angielczyk et al. (2009) and Fröbisch et al. (2010); to Therochelonia by Kammerer and Angielczyk (2009) and Fröbisch and Reisz (2011); and to Dicynodontia by Kammerer et al. (2015).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1934 | Emydopoidea van Hoepen |
| 1988 | Emydopoidea King |
| 2009 | Emydopoidea Angielczyk et al. |
| 2009 | Emydopoidea Kammerer and Angielczyk |
| 2010 | Emydopoidea Fröbisch et al. |
| 2011 | Emydopoidea Fröbisch and Reisz |
| 2015 | Emydopoidea Kammerer et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Superfm. †Emydopoidea van Hoepen 1934
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Unr. †Emydopidae Cluver and King 1983
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G. †Palemydops Broom 1921
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†Palemydops minor Broom 1935
†Palemydops platysoma Broom 1921
†Palemydops rubidgeae Broom 1937
Subfm. †Emydopinae Cluver and King 1983
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Tr. †Myosaurini Cluver and King 1983
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Invalid names: Emydopini Cluver and King 1983 [empty]
G. †Emydops Broom 1912
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†Emydops arctatus Owen 1876
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Invalid names: Dicynodon ictinops Broom 1921 [synonym], Emydops brachyops Broom 1905 [synonym], Emydops longus Broom 1921 [synonym], Emydops minimus Broom 1935 [synonym], Emydops minor Broom 1912 [synonym], Emydops parvus Broom 1921 [synonym]
†Emydops haughtoni Janensch 1952
†Emydops oweni Fröbisch and Reisz 2008
Invalid names: Dicynodon megalorhinus Broom 1904 [nomen dubium], Diictodon pseudojouberti Boonstra 1948 [nomen dubium], Emydops platyceps Broom and Haughton 1917 [nomen dubium], Emydopsis Broom 1921 [synonym], Storthyggnathus Janensch 1952 [synonym]
Unr. †Kingoriidae King 1988
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G. †Dicynodontoides Broom 1940
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†Dicynodontoides nowacki von Huene 1942
†Dicynodontoides recurvidens Owen 1876
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Invalid names: Dicynodon clarencei Broom 1950 [synonym], Dicynodontoides parringtoni Broom 1940 [synonym], Kingoria duvenhagei Broom 1948 [synonym], Kingoria gracilis Broom 1901 [synonym], Kingoria howardi Broom 1948 [synonym]
Invalid names: Kingoria Cox 1959 [synonym]
G. †Kombuisia Hotton 1974
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†Kombuisia antarctica Fröbisch et al. 2010
†Kombuisia frerensis Hotton 1974
Unr. †Kistecephalia Seeley 1894
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Unr. †Cistecephalidae Broom 1903
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G. †Cistecephalus Owen 1876
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†Cistecephalus microrhinus Owen 1876
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Invalid names: Cistecephalus angusticeps Broom 1932 [synonym], Cistecephalus laticeps Brink 1950 [synonym], Cistecephalus major Broom 1948 [synonym], Cistecephalus planiceps Owen 1876 [synonym], Cistecephalus platyfrons Broom 1948 [synonym], Cistecephalus rubidgei Broom 1948 [synonym]
†Cistecephalus platyceps Broom 1948
G. †Kembawacela Angielczyk et al. 2019
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†Kembawacela kitchingi Angielczyk et al. 2019
†Kembawacela yajuwayeyi Araújo et al. 2022
Invalid names: Myosauridae Kitching 1968 [empty]
Invalid names: Cistecephalinae Broom 1903 [empty]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| C. F. Kammerer and K. D. Angielczyk 2009 | Autapomorphies of Emydopoidea recognized in common by Angielczyk (2007), Fröbisch (2007), and Fröbisch & Reisz (2008) are: (1) palatal surface of premaxilla with groove-like depressions that have straight sides and a rounded anterior end; (2) embayment of palatal rim anterior to caniniform process or tusk present; (3) keel-like extension of the palatal rim posterior to the caniniform process present; (4) symphyseal region of lower jaw shovel-shaped with a rounded or squared-off edge and a weak depression on its posterior surface; (5) ectepicondylar foramen present on the humerus. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Benton 1983, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range: base of the Wuchiapingian to the top of the Anisian or 259.90000 to 242.00000 Ma
Collections (94 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Permian | South Africa | Cistecephalus sp. (189533) Dicynodontoides sp. (189535) | |
| Guadalupian | South Africa (Western Cape) | Opisthoctenodon brachyops, Dicynodon pseudojouberti (177007) | |
| Capitanian | South Africa (Western Cape) | Dicynodon megalorhinus (89650 176247) Dicynodon pseudojouberti (86388 176248 176355 198723) Pristerodon brachyops, Dicynodon pseudojouberti (179623) | |
| Capitanian | South Africa (Northern Cape) | Dicynodon pseudojouberti (181072) | |
| Capitanian - Wuchiapingian | South Africa (Western Cape) | Oudenodon megalorhinus, Dicynodon pseudojouberti (177588) | |
| Wuchiapingian | South Africa (Northern Cape) | Cistecephalus microrhinus (178478 178523 179590 190567) Cistecephalus sp. (190568) Dicynodon clarencei (176916) Emydopsis minimus (178870) Palemydops platysoma, Emydopsis longus, Storthyggognathus haughtoni, Cistecephalus angusticeps (174666) | |
| Wuchiapingian | South Africa | Cistecephalus microhinus (189781) Cistecephalus microrhinus (189782) | |
| Wuchiapingian | South Africa (Eastern cape) | Cistecephalus microrhinus, Emydops parvus (180787) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Zambia | Cistecephalidae new species (185598) Compsodon helmoedi (184677 185594) Dicynodontoides nowacki (185595 185596) Emydops sp. (184599 184663 184670) Emydops sp., Dicynodontoides sp., Cistecephalidae new species (184600) Kembawacela kitchingi (184668) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Malawi (Northern Region) | Kembawacela yajuwayeyi (176292) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Mozambique (Niassa) | Niassodon mfumukasi (185745) | |
| Wuchiapingian | South Africa (Graaff-Reinet) | Cistecephalus microrhinus, Cistecephalus planiceps (171378) | |
| Wuchiapingian | India (Andhra Pradesh) | Kingoria sp., Cistecephalus microrhinus, Emydops platiceps (80572) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Tanzania (Ruvuma) | Dicynodon nowacki, Cistecephalus planiceps, Kawingasaurus fossilis (181520) Dicynodontoides nowacki (135700) | |
| Wuchiapingian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Cistecephaloides boonstrai (180880) Cistecephalus microrhinus (171384 174622 174626 176331 176339 178740) Cistecephalus microrhinus, Cistecephalus major (179335) Cistecephalus microrhinus, Dicynodon howardi (176919) Cistecephalus microrhinus, Digalodon rubidgei, Cistecephalus platyfrons (144272) Cistecephalus microrhinus, Emydops minimus (174734) Cistecephalus microrhinus, Myosauroides minnaari (180807) Cistecephalus microrhinus, Palemydops rubidgeae (174717) Cistecephalus platyfrons, Cistecephalus laticeps (180878) Digalodon rubidgei, Udenodon gracilis (176830) Emydops oweni (114631) | |
| Wuchiapingian | South Africa (Western Cape) | Cistecephalus microrhinus (116452 174736 175331 175566 176358 178734 178742 178744 178805 178865 180782 181609) Cistecephalus microrhinus, Dicynodon ictinops (176923) Cistecephalus microrhinus, Emydops minor (175565) Cistecephalus rubidgei, Cistecephalus platyceps (180462) Emydops minor (86282 86285 86299) Emydops sp. (190331) Emydops sp., Emydops platyceps (171377) Palemydops minor (22661) | |
| Lopingian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Digalodon rubidgei (196326) | |
| Lopingian | South Africa (Northern Cape) | Digalodon rubidgei (196325) | |
| Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian | South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal) | Thliptosaurus imperforatus (176319) | |
| Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian | South Africa (Free State) | Compsodon helmoedi (179328) | |
| Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian | South Africa (Western Cape) | Dicynodon ictinops (80176) Digalodon rubidgei (174623) | |
| Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian | Zambia | Cistecephalidae new species (185597) | |
| Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Compsodon helmoedi (174741 190281) Dicynodon duvenhagei (171146) Dicynodon recurvidens (174747) Dicynodontoides parringtoni (176336) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | Antarctica | Kombuisia antarctica (87420 99431) Myosaurus gracilis (105602) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | South Africa (Free State) | Dicynodontoides recurvidens (117183) | |
| Induan - Olenekian | South Africa (Free State) | Myosaurus gracilis (88282) | |
| Anisian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Kombuisia frerensis (105295) |